Apache Hive : HiveClient
This page describes the different clients supported by Hive. The command line client currently only supports an embedded server. The JDBC and Thrift-Java clients support both embedded and standalone servers. Clients in other languages only support standalone servers.
For details about the standalone server see Hive Server or HiveServer2.
Command Line
Operates in embedded mode only, that is, it needs to have access to the Hive libraries. For more details see Getting Started and Hive CLI.
JDBC
This document describes the JDBC client for the original Hive Server (sometimes called Thrift server or HiveServer1). For information about the HiveServer2 JDBC client, see JDBC in the HiveServer2 Clients document. HiveServer2 use is recommended; the original HiveServer has several concurrency issues and lacks several features available in HiveServer2.
Version information
The original Hive Server was removed from Hive releases starting in version 1.0.0. See HIVE-6977.
For embedded mode, uri is just “jdbc:hive://”. For standalone server, uri is “jdbc:hive://host:port/dbname” where host and port are determined by where the Hive server is run. For example, “jdbc:hive://localhost:10000/default”. Currently, the only dbname supported is “default”.
JDBC Client Sample Code
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
public class HiveJdbcClient {
private static String driverName = "org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
try {
Class.forName(driverName);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hive://localhost:10000/default", "", "");
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String tableName = "testHiveDriverTable";
stmt.executeQuery("drop table " + tableName);
ResultSet res = stmt.executeQuery("create table " + tableName + " (key int, value string)");
// show tables
String sql = "show tables '" + tableName + "'";
System.out.println("Running: " + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
if (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getString(1));
}
// describe table
sql = "describe " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running: " + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getString(1) + "\t" + res.getString(2));
}
// load data into table
// NOTE: filepath has to be local to the hive server
// NOTE: /tmp/a.txt is a ctrl-A separated file with two fields per line
String filepath = "/tmp/a.txt";
sql = "load data local inpath '" + filepath + "' into table " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running: " + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
// select * query
sql = "select * from " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running: " + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(String.valueOf(res.getInt(1)) + "\t" + res.getString(2));
}
// regular hive query
sql = "select count(1) from " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running: " + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getString(1));
}
}
}
Running the JDBC Sample Code
# Then on the command-line
$ javac HiveJdbcClient.java
# To run the program in standalone mode, we need the following jars in the classpath
# from hive/build/dist/lib
# hive\_exec.jar
# hive\_jdbc.jar
# hive\_metastore.jar
# hive\_service.jar
# libfb303.jar
# log4j-1.2.15.jar
#
# from hadoop/build
# hadoop-*-core.jar
#
# To run the program in embedded mode, we need the following additional jars in the classpath
# from hive/build/dist/lib
# antlr-runtime-3.0.1.jar
# derby.jar
# jdo2-api-2.1.jar
# jpox-core-1.2.2.jar
# jpox-rdbms-1.2.2.jar
#
# as well as hive/build/dist/conf
$ java -cp $CLASSPATH HiveJdbcClient
# Alternatively, you can run the following bash script, which will seed the data file
# and build your classpath before invoking the client.
#!/bin/bash
HADOOP\_HOME=/your/path/to/hadoop
HIVE\_HOME=/your/path/to/hive
echo -e '1\x01foo' > /tmp/a.txt
echo -e '2\x01bar' >> /tmp/a.txt
HADOOP\_CORE={{ls $HADOOP\_HOME/hadoop-*-core.jar}}
CLASSPATH=.:$HADOOP\_CORE:$HIVE\_HOME/conf
for i in ${HIVE\_HOME}/lib/*.jar ; do
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$i
done
java -cp $CLASSPATH HiveJdbcClient
JDBC Client Setup for a Secure Cluster
To configure Hive on a secure cluster, add the directory containing hive-site.xml to the CLASSPATH of the JDBC client.
Python
Operates only on a standalone server. Set (and export) PYTHONPATH to build/dist/lib/py.
The python modules imported in the code below are generated by building hive.
Please note that the generated python module names have changed in hive trunk.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
from hive import ThriftHive
from hive.ttypes import HiveServerException
from thrift import Thrift
from thrift.transport import TSocket
from thrift.transport import TTransport
from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol
try:
transport = TSocket.TSocket('localhost', 10000)
transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport)
protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport)
client = ThriftHive.Client(protocol)
transport.open()
client.execute("CREATE TABLE r(a STRING, b INT, c DOUBLE)")
client.execute("LOAD TABLE LOCAL INPATH '/path' INTO TABLE r")
client.execute("SELECT * FROM r")
while (1):
row = client.fetchOne()
if (row == None):
break
print row
client.execute("SELECT * FROM r")
print client.fetchAll()
transport.close()
except Thrift.TException, tx:
print '%s' % (tx.message)
PHP
Operates only on a standalone server.
<?php
// set THRIFT\_ROOT to php directory of the hive distribution
$GLOBALS['THRIFT\_ROOT'] = '/lib/php/';
// load the required files for connecting to Hive
require\_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT\_ROOT'] . 'packages/hive\_service/ThriftHive.php';
require\_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT\_ROOT'] . 'transport/TSocket.php';
require\_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT\_ROOT'] . 'protocol/TBinaryProtocol.php';
// Set up the transport/protocol/client
$transport = new TSocket('localhost', 10000);
$protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);
$client = new ThriftHiveClient($protocol);
$transport->open();
// run queries, metadata calls etc
$client->execute('SELECT * from src');
var\_dump($client->fetchAll());
$transport->close();
ODBC
Operates only on a standalone server. The Hive ODBC client provides a set of C-compatible library functions to interact with Hive Server in a pattern similar to those dictated by the ODBC specification. See Hive ODBC Driver.
Thrift
Thrift Java Client
Operates both in embedded mode and on standalone server.
Thrift C++ Client
Operates only on a standalone server. In the works.
Thrift Node Clients
Thrift Node clients are available on github at https://github.com/wdavidw/node-thrift-hive and https://github.com/forward/node-hive.
Thrift Ruby Client
A Thrift Ruby client is available on github at https://github.com/forward3d/rbhive.